Drugs and Chromosomes
Prepared by Ira Rosenkrantz
Introduction
I can’t belief it.
I saw pictures on T.V. The babies were born deformed. Sometimes the babies had
no arms or legs. The deformities came from drugs that women had taken during
pregnancy. Now my wife was pregnant. I was concerned about the everyday drugs
that she was taking such as aspirin, and other drugs that she may have to take
because of pregnancy. During pregnancy
her doctor prescribed a new drug. The
medicine bottle said give 1 pill every four hours. Is everybody suppose to take1 pill? Are there
different doses for different size people?
Did the drug commission analyze it carefully? It takes years before a drug
comes to the general public because the drug commission is suppose to analyze
it carefully. You are a congressman working with the drug commission about the
safety of drugs. You will have to report during a congressional meeting about
your findings.
Task
Investigate whether using drugs can cause genetic defects. What are the current policies about testing drugs, and for creating drugs that will not cause genetic defects? Should we develop new policies to prevent the production of drugs that will cause genetic defects? You will use the public policy analysis website, and the internet to develop a storyboard presentation. A storyboard is a visual presentation of a concept. As part of your evidence, include pictures or other visual aids such as charts and graphs from the websites. You will make a 3- 4-minute oral presentation that explains the storyboard using the public policy analysis. The oral presentation should have two questions on each of the public policy steps that will allow you to know that the students understand your presentation. Both the storyboard and the oral presentation will be done by a group of students
Process
You will be placed in groups of four.
In order to develop your report, use the 6 step public policy analysis format found
on the website http://www.maxwell.syr.edu/plegal/ppa/intro.html
ü
1 Define problem
ü
2. Gather evidence
ü
3. Identify causes
ü
4. Evaluate a policy
ü
5. Develop solutions
ü 6. Select best solution
On day one do the following:
Ø
Define the problem based on the introduction
Ø Click on the highlighted blue word above, which is the problem.
Ø Go to the end of the worksheet and click on worksheet 1 defining social problem
Ø Fill out the worksheet, based on the problem from the introduction you read above, which you will find on problem sheet.
Ø After completing the worksheet, join your group of 4 and discuss the problem
Ø Read the “define problem page” to help you in your discussion.
Ø Come up with one problem for the whole group based on the introduction
On day two do the following:
STORYBOARD HELP
The
storyboard could be a:
1. Poster board
2. Power point presentation storyboard
3. Set of pictures taped to the blackboard
4. Series of overhead projections
Storyboard
Websites
Use
the following websites to help you in making the storyboard:
How
to do power point presentations
http://www.indezine.com/ideas/storybrd.html
Key to Effective Storyboards
http://www.holberton.com/sol_vol-3-no1.html
Tips about doing a story
board
http://www.holberton.com/sol_vol-3-no1.html
In order to use the internet,
use the following search engines:
Visual aids
In order to get visual aids for your storyboard go to
www.google.com - type in “drugs and chromosomes or
deformities or genetic deformities “click on the word images
Here are some sites that will help you with your
report:
Drugs and chromosome damage
http://www.ahrp.org/infomail/05/03/11.php
LSD and chromosome
http://users.lycaeum.org/~sputnik/Drugs/LSD/LSD.genes.html
Drugs and chromosome Damage
http://www.allergan.com/site/products/consumers/safety.asp?id=fluoroplex&largeText=
Birth Defects
http://www.chclibrary.org/micromed/00039910.html
Follow the same procedure you did for day two, and use the following other steps :
Day 3 3. Identify causes
Day 4 4. Evaluate a policy
Day 5 5. Develop solutions
Day 6 6. Select best solution
In addition, decide which member of your group will write up each part of the paper.
Evaluation
Learning
Standard for English
Student will read, write, listen or speak
for information and understanding.
Students will
understand the following:
Major Understandings
2.1a Genes are inherited,
but their expression can be modified by interactions with the environment.
2.1b Every
organism requires a set of coded instructions for specifying its traits. For
off-spring to resemble their parents, there must be a
reliable way to transfer information from one generation to the next. Heredity
is the passage of these instructions from one generation to another.
2.1c Hereditary information is contained
in genes, located in the chromosomes of each cell. An inherited trait of an
individual can be determined by one or by many genes, and a single gene can
influence more than one trait. A human cell contains many thousands of
different genes in its nucleus.
genetically identical to the parent.
2.1e In
sexually reproducing organisms, the new individual receives half of the genetic
Information from its mother (via the egg) and half from its father (via the
sperm). Sexually produced offspring often resemble, but are not identical to,
either of their parents.
2.1F Genes are segments of DNA molecules. Random alteration
of mutations can cause mutations. An altered gene may be passed on to every
cell that develops from it.
2.1G In all organisms the coded information for specifying the characteristics of the organism is carried by the DNA, a large molecule formed from the subunits of four kinds (A, G,C,T). The chemical and structural properties of DNA are the basis for how the genetics information that underlies heredity is both encoded in genes (as string of molecular” letters”) and replicated by means of a template.
2.1h Cells store and use encoded
information. The genetic information stored in DNA is used to direct the synthesis
of thousands of proteins that each cell requires.
2.1I The work of the cell is carried out by many different types
of molecules it assembles, mostly proteins. Protein molecules are long usually
folded chains made from 20 different finds of amino acids in a
specific sequence. This sequence influences the shape of the protein. The shape of the protein, in
turn, determines its
function.
Point value |
3 |
2 |
1 |
Has a picture that shows the problem |
Excellent picture of the problem. |
Good picture of the problem. |
Poor picture of the
problem. |
Has visual aids that identifies causes |
Visual aids which identifies all causes |
Visual aids which identifies most causes |
Visual aids which identifies some causes |
Has visual aids that explains causes |
Has visual aids that explains how each cause is related to
the problem |
Has visual aids that explains how most causes are related
to the problem |
Has visual aids that explains how some causes are related
to the problem |
Has visual aids that identifies solutions |
Has visual aids that identifies all solutions |
Has visual aids that identifies most solutions |
Has visual aids that identifies some solutions |
Questions |
Writes two questions for each of the visual aids so
that students understand what is being presented. |
Writes two questions for 3 of the visual aids so that students understand what is being presented. |
Writes two questions for 2 of the visual aids so
that students
understand what is being presented. |
A-15-14points
B-13-12 points
C-11-10 points
Oral Presentation Rubric
Point value |
3 |
2 |
1 |
Heading |
|
|
|
Problem |
Thoroughly explains why there is a problem. |
Good explanation of the problem. |
Explains the problem poorly. |
Gathering evidence |
Gathers evidence from 5 internet sites |
Gathers evidence from 3 or 4 internet sites |
Gathers evidence from 2 or less internet sites |
Explains evidence |
Thoroughly explains
why the evidence is related to the problem |
Good explanation. Understands how most of the evidence is
related to the problem . |
Poor explanation. Understands why some of the evidence is
related to the problem. |
Identifies causes |
Identifies all causes |
Identifies most causes |
Identifies some causes |
Explains causes |
Explains how each cause is related to the problem. |
Explains how most causes are related to the problem. |
Explains how some causes are related to the problem. |
Identifies solutions |
Identifies all solutions |
Identifies most solutions |
Identifies some solutions |
Explanation of solutions |
Explains how each solution will solve the problem. |
Explains how most of the solutions will solve the problem. |
Explains how some of the solutions will solve the problem. |
Choice of best solution |
Thorough explanation of why the choice is the best
solution. |
Good explanation of why the choice is the best solution. |
Poor explanation of why the choice is the best solution. |
Presentation Visual aids |
Uses four visual aids such as pictures to help in their
presentation. Asks at least two questions about the pictures or visual aids
to show how they are related to the report. |
Uses three visual aids such as pictures to help in their
presentation. Asks at least two questions about the pictures or visual aids
to show how they are related to the report. |
Uses two visual aids such as pictures to help in their
presentation. Doesn’t ask at least two questions about the pictures or visual
aids to show how they are related to the report. |
Discussion of questions related to Public Policy Steps |
Discusses two questions for each of the following
steps in the public policy analyst format: evidence, causes, evaluation, and
solution that will help determine if students understand what is being
presented. |
Discusses two questions for three of the following
steps in the public policy analyst format: evidence, causes, evaluation, and
solution that will help determine if students understand what is being
presented. |
Discusses two questions for one or two of the
following steps in the public policy analyst format: evidence, causes,
evaluation, and solution, that will help determine if students understand
what is being presented. |
Explanation of points
A-30 28 points
B-27-24 points
C-23-20 points
Congratulations as a student you have learned the following:
Ø
Ø Search for
websites using the internet
Ø
Ø Develop
critical thinking skills
Ø
Ø Provide
questions that will test for students’ understanding
Ø
Ø Present an
oral presentation
Ø
Ø Present a
storyboard presentation
Ø
Ø Apply
scientific concepts, principles, and theories pertaining to the physical
setting and living environment
Ø
Be vigilant about reproducing organisms from
cells