Hunger In Central America

Ms. Cruz

Frederick Douglass Academy

 

A WebQuest

An indigenous Panamain Guaymi, 8-year-
old Maritza Gomez, carries a basket of 
freshly harvested coffee at a plantation 
in Cirri de Naranjo, 40 miles the north 
of San Jose, January 27, 2004. Costa 
Rica will pick approximately 250, 000 
bags of coffee less than in the previous 
crop this year. The drop is a result of 
very wet weather and growers finding 
problems hiring foreign workers as 
pickers according to the director of the 
Costa Rican coffee insitute. REUTERS/
Juan Carlos 
UlateJose Peralta, 83, a Nicaraguan former 
banana plantation worker who claims her 
health problems were caused by exposure 
to the Nemagon insecticide, eat during a 
protest in front of Parliament in 
Managua, February 24, 2004. Hundred  
former banana plantation workers who 
claim their problems such as sterility 
and cancer were caused by Nemagon used 
by Dole Food Company on their banana 
plantations in Nicaragua in the 1970's, 
is protesting to pressure their 
government to help them in obtaining 
reparations from Dole. REUTERS/Oswaldo 
RivasCardamom, a spice used mainly in Arabic 
coffee, is seen at the Veracruz 
processing facility in Coban, Guatemala 
July 30, 2003. Guatemala is the world's 
leading export of the spice, used mostly 
in Arabic coffee. Producers of Cardamom 
in Guatemala have been struggling 
against a drop in prices due an 
overproduction in recent years.  (PHOTO 
TAKEN JULY 30-TO GO WITH BC GUATEMALA 
CARDAMOM)REUTERS/Daniel 
LeClairA Salvadoran fisher pulls a boat with 
their patron saint of the fishers &
quotSan Rafael Arcangel" inside, 
during the traditional celebration of 
the boats procession in honor of their 
patron saint of the fishers &quotSan 
Rafael Arcangel" at the port of La 
Libertad 44 km east of San Salvador, El 
Salvador October 23, 2003. About 25 
boats cross the coast of the pacific 
ocean every year to celebrate liturgic 
acts.  The effigy was found inside a 
trunk by fishers after a fire in a boat 
in the year of 1942. REUTERS/Luis 
GaldamezA worker casts a shadow as he dries 
coffee at a processing plant in Cirri de 
Naranjo, 40 milles the north of San Jose,
 January 27, 2004. Costa Rica will pick 
up this year approximately 250,000 bags 
of coffee less than in the previous crop.
 The drop is consequence of the delay 
this year the entrance of the summer 
time, the early maturation of the fruit 
in the undergrowths and problems to hire 
foreign workers, said Juan Bautistat 
Moya, director of the Costa Rican 
Institute of Coffee.   REUTERS/Juan 
Carlos 
UlateNicarguan Maria Artola waits for food 
during a  march  along the highway 
leading to Matagalpa, August 6, 2003, 
some 63  miles north of the capital 
Managua. Thousands of peasants 
participated in a march toward Managua 
to demand more land, health and work 
benefits from the government of 
President Enrique Bolanos. REUTERS/
Oswaldo Rivas   
PP03080040

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Introduction:

 

 

        As the Central American countries struggle to rebuild their institutions and productive infrastructure after the civil wars of the 1980s, nature has thrown additional obstacles in their path. First Hurricane Mitch struck the region in 1998, leaving more than 9,000 dead, an equal number disappeared and $6 billion in damages. Then there came a series of earthquakes in 2001, which hit El Salvador especially hard. The latest scourges are a prolonged drought across the so-called "hot zone" (southern Honduras, northern Nicaragua, eastern El Salvador and southern Guatemala) and flooding in the Miskito region of Nicaragua.

          These natural disasters have revealed the precariousness of Central America's institutions and their ability to meet the needs of the region's citizens. International emergency aid has had to fill in the gaps, although it too has been insufficient and limited by the host countries' institutional deficiencies.

          The drought has lasted since May, threatening the corn and bean harvests that are the basis of the Central American diet, especially among peasant and indigenous communities. Those who can are surviving on bananas and mangos, while others have already eaten the seeds for next year's crops. For the last three years, a drop in the price of coffee on the world market has further complicated the region's livelihood, as has a surplus of coffee from Vietnam and the collapse of the International Coffee Pact. In the last seven months alone, the price of a 46-kilo sack of coffee has fallen from $84.50 to $51.30. Coffee growers have been forced to lower the wages of their employees and eliminate many jobs. The World Food Programme (WFP) estimates that the drought directly affects the livelihood of 775,798 peasant farmers and threatens the food supply of 1.4 million of the region's inhabitants. The WFP is making preparations to provide emergency aid to 405,000 people, but its efforts have been hampered by a lack of resources. For the moment, it has resorted to cutting back on school lunch programs to target the neediest cases.

          Of course, natural disasters are tragic and unpredictable. The root of the crisis in Central America seems to be more of a structural problem. Numerous studies have pointed to poor regional management of natural resources, especially water. Indiscriminate deforestation (local populations often cut down trees, given the absence of any other source of domestic fuel); depletion of the soil for single-crop agriculture; lack of technological sophistication; and insufficient irrigation, high quality seeds and fertilizer all contribute to the crisis of the peasant economy. In other words, Central America's food shortage is just one more manifestation of the region's agricultural crisis and the poverty of its peasant farmers.

 

WFP hunger map: Central America

 

 

The social problem is clear. The undernourishment of so many people results in a serious social problem.

 

NOW-you can help! In this web quest you will become a PUBLIC POLICY ANALYST! You, and your group of advisers, will analyze the social problem of malnutrition and devise public policy alternatives to combat the problem. You will submit your public policy facts and recommendations to the United Nations who will then assist in implementing the policies. Hopefully, you will make a difference!

 

 

Task:

 

 

1: Each group will complete a story board. This board will have three sides similar to the format of a science project.

 

2: The board will contain illustrations, pictures, graphs, charts and reports representing each of the SIX steps of the Public Policy Analyst.

 

3: All reports will be completed using MS word and be clearly written in 14 fonts.

 

4: The PPA board must be attractive and capture the attention of the viewer.

 

 

Process:

 

I: ORGANIZATION OF THE PROJECT

 

The class will be divided into groups of THREE

Each member of the group must fulfill his given responsibilities. The group will decide the roles for each member using the outline below. Each group member will be responsible for the individual assignments but there will be a group grade for the story board and oral report

2: Individual responsibilities for group members

Student # 1: Researcher-This student will do the research, with help of other members. He/she will search the Internet and gather information that will be used to complete the worksheets. The information gathered will be focused on destruction of the South American rainforest and its affects on the future of the planet.

Student # 2: Presenter- This student will be responsible to convey the group findings to the class. He/she will be the main speaker in the Oral Presentation and will assign others their subordinate roles for the oral presentation. The story board should be used as part of this presentation. The presenter will coordinate the oral report but all members will take part in some form.

STUDENT # 3: This student will be responsible for construction of the project story board. He/she will get input from all group members.

NOTE:  Each group member should do individual research whenever possible. As a group, you will complete the worksheets (steps) in the Public Policy Analyst.

 

II: The SIX-STEP PUBLIC POLICY ANALYST

Each group will complete

Six Public Policy Analyst worksheets for the social problem

    

#1- Defining the Social Problem

           What is the problem that you plan on addressing?

          #2- Gather evidence of the problem

                    How do we know that this is a problem?

          #3- Identify the causes of the problem

                 What causes this problem that you plan on addressing?

          #4- Identify and evaluate the existing public policies

                 What policies already exist on your problem?

          #5- Developing public policy solutions

                What new public policy do you want to create?

          #6- Selecting the best policy solution

                   Decide with your group the best policy to use for the problem.

 

Your group will use these worksheets as resource for completing the task assignments

 

 

III: THE PRESENTATION:

 

          Each group will use the internet sites listed in the “resource” section of the web quest for
                    information

          That will complete the PPA worksheets. You will also access outside print material where
                   needed.

 

ORAL PRESETNATION

 

          Each group will give an oral presentation to the class regarding their findings. The story board will be used in this presentation. The presentation will be a minimum of 10 minutes and must capture the attention of the audience. Each group oral presentation will be given in both English and Spanish; the exact timing will be decided by the group after consulting with your teacher.

 

 

Resources:

 

GENERAL Web Sites

WWW.GOOGLE.COM

WWW.YAHOO.COM

WWW.ASK.COM

 

SPECIFIC WEB SITES

 

1.    A chronic catastrophe - Central America

2.    Epidemiology and Prevention of Severe Protein Malnutrition

3.    Central America: The Lost Land

4.    Planet Ark : Central America drought worsens hunger, UN says

5.    Hurricane Stan: humanitarian update from Central America | WFP ...

6.    Hunger in Central America

7.    400000 People Suffer the Curse of Hunger

 

Evaluation:

 

Oral Presentation Rubric:

Hunger in Central America

 

 

CATEGORY

4 EXCELLENT

3 VERY GOOD

2 SATISFACTORY

1 UNSATISFACTORY

Enthusiasm

Facial expressions and body language generate a strong interest and enthusiasm about the topic in others.

Facial expressions and body language sometimes generate a strong interest and enthusiasm about the topic in others.

Facial expressions and body language are used to try to generate enthusiasm, but seem somewhat faked.

Very little use of facial expressions or body language. Did not generate much interest in topic being presented.

Preparedness

Student is completely prepared and has obviously rehearsed.

Student seems pretty prepared but might have needed a couple more rehearsals.

The student is somewhat prepared, but it is clear that rehearsal was lacking.

Student does not seem at all prepared to present.

Speaks Clearly

Speaks clearly and distinctly all (100-95%) the time, and mispronounces no words.

Speaks clearly and distinctly all (100-95%) the time, but mispronounces one word.

Speaks clearly and distinctly most of the time. Mispronounces no more than one word.

Often mumbles or can not be understood OR mispronounces more than one word.

Props

Student uses several props (could include costume) that show considerable work/creativity and which make the presentation better.

Student uses 1 prop that shows considerable work/creativity and which make the presentation better.

Student uses 1 prop which makes the presentation better.

The student uses no props OR the props chosen detract from the presentation.

Stays on Topic

Stays on topic all (100%) of the time.

Stays on topic most (99-90%) of the time.

Stays on topic some (89%-75%) of the time.

It was hard to tell what the topic was.

Content

Shows a full understanding of the topic.

Shows a good understanding of the topic.

Shows a good understanding of parts of the topic.

Does not seem to understand the topic very well.

 

GRADING: “A” = 21-24 POINTS  “B”= 16-20 POINTS  “C”= 11-15 POINTS

“F”=BELOW 11 POINTS

 

Hunger in Central America


Teacher Name: Ms. CRUZ

 

STORY BOARD RUBRICS


 

CATEGORY

4 EXCELLENT

3 VERY GOOD

2 SATISFACTORY

1 NEEDS IMPROVEMENT

Graphics -Clarity

Graphics are all in focus and the content easily viewed and identified from 6 ft. away.

Most graphics are in focus and the content easily viewed and identified from 6 ft. away.

Most graphics are in focus and the content is easily viewed and identified from 4 ft. away.

Many graphics are not clear or are too small.

Graphics - Originality

Several of the graphics used on the poster reflect a exceptional degree of student creativity in their creation and/or display.

One or two of the graphics used on the poster reflect student creativity in their creation and/or display.

The graphics are made by the student, but are based on the designs or ideas of others.

No graphics made by the student are included.

Graphics - Relevance

All graphics are related to the topic and make it easier to understand. All borrowed graphics have a source citation.

All graphics are related to the topic and most make it easier to understand. All borrowed graphics have a source citation.

All graphics relate to the topic. Most borrowed graphics have a source citation.

Graphics do not relate to the topic OR several borrowed graphics do not have a source citation.

PPA USE

The poster includes all required elements as well as additional information.

All required elements are included on the poster.

All but 1 of the required elements are included on the poster.

Several required elements were missing.

Knowledge Gained

Student can accurately answer all questions related to facts in the poster and processes used to create the poster.

Student can accurately answer most questions related to facts in the poster and processes used to create the poster.

Student can accurately answer about 75% of questions related to facts in the poster and processes used to create the poster.

Student appears to have insufficient knowledge about the facts or processes used in the poster.

Content - Accuracy

At least 7 accurate facts are displayed on the poster.

5-6 accurate facts are displayed on the poster.

3-4 accurate facts are displayed on the poster.

Less than 3 accurate facts are displayed on the poster.

Attractiveness

The poster is exceptionally attractive in terms of design, layout, and neatness.

The poster is attractive in terms of design, layout and neatness.

The poster is acceptably attractive though it may be a bit messy.

The poster is distractingly messy or very poorly designed. It is not attractive.

 

GRADING: “A” = 24-28 POINTS  “B”= 20-24 POINTS  “C”= 16-19 POINTS

“F”=BELOW 16 POINTS

 

Conclusion:

 

          From this web quest, you should have learned to that the hunger in Central America, with all its natural resources, is a major social problem. This problem must be dealt with immediately or our planet and life as we know it may be at risk. You now also understand the role of the Public Policy Analyst in our society. This policy maker can make a difference in improving conditions and solving major social problems. The next decade will be pivotal. If the problems of hunger are not addressed, life for the people living in Central America will no doubt become worse. We must preserve our natural resources and find ways to better allocate them.  Thanks for your participation. Let’s hope your recommendations made a difference!

 

 

Standards Addressed:

 

English Language Arts

Standard 1:   Language for Information and Understanding

Students will listen, speak, read, and write for information and understanding. As listeners and readers, students will collect data, facts, and ideas; discover relationships, concepts, and generalizations; and use knowledge generated from oral, written, and electronically produced texts. As speakers and writers, they will use oral and written language that follows the accepted conventions of the English language to acquire, interpret, apply, and transmit information.

Standard 2:   Language for Literary Response and Expression

Students will read and listen to oral, written, and electronically produced texts and performances from American and world literature; relate texts and performances to their own lives; and develop an understanding of the diverse social, historical, and cultural dimensions the texts and performances represent. As speakers and writers, students will use oral and written language that follows the accepted conventions of the English language for self-expression and artistic creation.

Standard 3:   Language for Critical Analysis and Evaluation

Students will listen, speak, read, and write for critical analysis and evaluation. As listeners and readers, students will analyze experiences, ideas, information, and issues presented by others using a variety of established criteria. As speakers and writers, they will use oral and written language that follows the accepted conventions of the English language to present, from a variety of perspectives, their opinions and judgments on experiences, ideas, information and issues.

Standard 4:   Language for Social Interaction

Students will listen, speak, read, and write for social interaction. Students will use oral and written language that follows the accepted conventions of the English language for effective social communication with a wide variety of people. As readers and listeners, they will use the social communications of others to enrich their understanding of people and their views.

 

Science

Standard 1:    Analysis, Inquiry, and Design

Students will use mathematical analysis, scientific inquiry, and engineering design, as appropriate, to pose questions, seek answers, and develop solutions.

Standard 2:   Information Systems

Students will access, generate, process, and transfer information using appropriate technologies.