Grutter v. Bollinger: Facts
In 1995 Jennifer Gratz, who is white, applied for admission to the Univeristy of Michigan. She was notified that although she was well qualified, she was less competitive than the students who had been admitted and was not admitted. Gratz enrolled in another school and graduated in 1999. In 1997 she filed a lawsuit against the University of Michigan alleging that the school violated her rights to nondiscrimination on the basis of race in violation of the equal protection of the laws under the Fourteenth Amendment. The admissions office at the University considers a number of factors in making its decisions, including high school grades, standardized test scores, high school quality, curriculum strength, geography, alumni relationships and leadership. They also consider race. The University considered African-Americans, Hispanics, and Native Americans to be unerrepresented minorities. The University would evaluate all applicants based on several factors to come up with a GPA2 score. Applicants with similar GPA2 scores were subject to different admissions outcomes based upon their racial or ethnic status.
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